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The Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program () was a scholarship program funded by Boxer Rebellion indemnity money paid to the United States that provided for Chinese students to study in the U.S. It has been called "the most important scheme for educating Chinese students in America and arguably the most consequential and successful in the entire foreign-study movement of twentieth century China." ==Background== Although there had previously been some higher education opportunities for Chinese in the U.S. associated with Yung Wing's Chinese Educational Mission, this short-lived effort was disbanded in 1881 and there was little subsequent activity. Following the Boxer Rebellion, the defeated Qing Empire were to pay 450 million taels of fine silver as indemnity over a course of 39 years to the eight nations involved.〔Spence, Jonathan D. () (1991), ''The Search for Modern China'', WW Norton & Co. ISBN 0-393-30780-8.〕 Under the exchange rates at the time, this was equal to US$ 335 million gold dollars or £67 million.〔 Including interest, the Qing finally paid 982,238,150 taels (~ silver), of which the U.S. share was 7.32%. When Liang Cheng,〔Liang Cheng himself had come to the U.S. at age 12 as part of the fourth group of Yung Wing's Chinese Educational Mission. He was educated at Phillips Academy and Amherst College.〕 the Qing representative to the U.S., learned that the terms of the Boxer Protocol awarded the U.S. more than it had originally demanded, he initiated a campaign to pressure the U.S. into returning the difference to China.〔Weili Ye. ''Seeking Modernity in China's Name: Chinese Students in the United States''. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001.〕 The American Minister in Peking campaigned for it to be used for education rather than projects the Chinese preferred.〔Hunt (1972), abstract〕 In 1906, the President of the University of Illinois, Edmund J. James, who led the University from 1904-1920, proposed to President Theodore Roosevelt a plan to establish a scholarship program to send Chinese students to the U.S., this would later be known as the "Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program." James' 1906 letter noted to President Roosevelt, China is upon the verge of a revolution () The nation which succeeds in educating the young Chinese of the present generation will be the nation which for a given expenditure of effort will reap the largest possible returns in moral, intellectual and commercial influence.〔In June 1907, the Theodore Roosevelt administration decided to use the difference to create a scholarship program for Chinese students to study in the U.S.〔Iris Chang. ''Thread of the Silkworm''. Basic books, 1995.〕 American missionary Arthur Henderson Smith also helped persuade Roosevelt to use the indemnity payment for education.〔Thompson, Larry Clinton. ''William Scott Ament and the Boxer Rebellion: Heroism, Hubris, and the Ideal Missionary.'' Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2009, 219〕 Despite further proposals by the Chinese to use the funds within China, the settlement was made on American terms.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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